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Castelldefels Castle is perched on a hill at 59 metres above sea level. This monumental ensemble, which lends its name to the town, was built in the 10th century over what had been an Iberian settlement and, later, a Roman villa.
The castle was strategically constructed overlooking the Mediterranean Sea, overlooking a commanding position to control the territory and the coastal strip.
It was used for centuries as a fortress to defend the Eramprunyà barony, and was restored and fortified in the 16th century against attacks by Berber privateers.
Piracy began to fade away in the 18th century, and the castle fell into the hands of several noble families. One name that is closely associated with the fortification is the banker Manuel Girona, who bought and spearheaded the restoration of this iconic city landmark in 1897.
During the 20th century, it was used as a military training centre by the Republican authorities during the Civil War in 1937 and early 1938. Shortly afterwards, the castle and church were converted into a prison for international brigade members in March of the same year. Visitors can see original graffiti by these brigadiers in Santa Maria church in Castelldefels. This 10th-century church is the part of the ensemble that retains the oldest remains, with walls dating from the Iberian, Roman, medieval, modern and contemporary periods.
Both the castle and the church have been declared a Cultural Asset of National Interest.
Another impressive feature is the Fencing Room, which is decorated with 18th century paintings, and the Institutional Room, or the Noble Room, which bore witness to the grand feasts and celebrations attended by the Catalan bourgeoisie at the beginning of the 20th century, and which retains its neo-Gothic décor.
On the outskirts of the ancient city of Tarraco, on the banks of the Francolí River, the Necropolis of Tarraco takes visitors on a journey back in time to the funerary practices and beliefs of the Roman world and to life in the neighbourhoods outside the walls of a Roman city.
This sprawling cemetery includes both tombs of people of the Roman religion and early Christian Romans, from the 3rd-5th centuries AD. With more than 2,000 documented burials, the cemetery is one of the most important surviving burial grounds of the Roman Empire.
As you walk through the necropolis, you can see various types of tombs. The place and method of burial varied according to the deceased's social status. The higher the status, the closer they were buried to a main road, such as the Via Augusta. Therefore, burial sites ranged from simple graves with coffins made of materials such as wood, stone or lead, to more elaborate mausoleums and churches with decorated sarcophagi.
The necropolis was uncovered during the construction of the Tobacco Factory in 1923. Subsequent excavation made it possible to conclude that the bishop of Tarraco St. Fructuosus and his deacons St. Augurius and St. Eulogius were buried in 259 AD. It also revealed the location of the crypts of the Arches and of the Engineers; uncovered details about religious beliefs and life in Roman times; and brought to light pieces such as the tombstone of Optimus, the Lion sarcophagus and the Ivory Doll, which was found inside a sarcophagus with the remains of a six-year-old girl.
Therefore, the necropolis of Tarraco is an essential stop for all those interested in archaeology and Roman history. The complex is part of the Archaeological Ensemble of Tarraco, listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2000.
